Kuwerengera kumayandikira malire a liwiro la wotchi, timatembenukira kumamangidwe amitundu yambiri.Pamene mauthenga akuyandikira malire a thupi la liwiro la kufalitsa, timatembenukira ku machitidwe ambiri a antenna.Ndi maubwino otani omwe adapangitsa asayansi ndi mainjiniya kusankha tinyanga zingapo ngati maziko a 5G ndi mauthenga ena opanda zingwe?Ngakhale kusiyana kwa malo kunali kulimbikitsa koyambirira kowonjezera tinyanga pamasiteshoni oyambira, zidadziwika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1990 kuti kuyika tinyanga zambiri kumbali ya Tx ndi/kapena Rx kunatsegula zina zomwe zinali zosayembekezereka ndi makina amodzi.Tsopano tiyeni tifotokoze njira zitatu zazikulu m'nkhani ino.
**Kukhazikika **
Beamforming ndiye ukadaulo woyambira pomwe gawo la ma cell a 5G limakhazikitsidwa.Pali mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya beamforming:
Classical beamforming, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Line-of-Sight (LoS) kapena kuwala kwakuthupi
Beamforming generalized, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) kapena kuwala kowoneka bwino
Lingaliro la mitundu yonse iwiri yowunikira ndikugwiritsira ntchito tinyanga zingapo kuti tiwonjezere mphamvu ya siginecha kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, kwinaku akupondereza ma siginecha kuchokera kumagwero osokoneza.Monga fanizo, zosefera za digito zimasintha zomwe zili mumtundu wafupipafupi munjira yotchedwa spectral filtering.Momwemonso, kuwala kumasintha zomwe zili m'malo ochezera.Ichi ndichifukwa chake amatchedwanso kusefa kwa malo.
Kuwongolera kwakuthupi kuli ndi mbiri yakale pamasinthidwe osintha ma siginecha a makina a sonar ndi radar.Zimapanga matabwa enieni mumlengalenga kuti atumize kapena kulandira ndipo motero amagwirizana kwambiri ndi angle of kufika (AoA) kapena angle of departure (AoD) ya chizindikiro.Zofanana ndi momwe OFDM imapangira mitsinje yofananira pama frequency domain, classical or body beamforming imapanga mizati yofananira mu domain la angular.
Kumbali ina, mu thupi lake losavuta, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kapena owoneka bwino amatanthawuza kutumiza (kapena kulandira) ma siginecha omwewo kuchokera ku mlongoti wa Tx (kapena Rx) uliwonse wokhala ndi magawo oyenera ndikuwonjezera zolemetsa kotero kuti mphamvu yama siginecha imakulitsidwa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito inayake.Mosiyana ndi kuwongolera mtengo kumbali ina, kufalitsa kapena kulandirira kumachitika mbali zonse, koma chinsinsi ndikuwonjezera makope angapo a sigino kumbali yolandirira kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka kwa njira zambiri.
**Spatial Multiplexing**
Mumayendedwe ochulukitsa apakati, mayendedwe olowera deta amagawidwa m'mitsinje ingapo yofananira mdera la malo, ndipo mtsinje uliwonse umapatsirana unyolo wosiyanasiyana wa Tx.Malingana ngati njira zamayendedwe zifika kuchokera kumakona osiyanasiyana mokwanira pa tinyanga za Rx, popanda pafupifupi kulumikizana, njira za digito za digito (DSP) zimatha kusintha sing'anga yopanda zingwe kukhala njira zodziyimira zofananira.Njira ya MIMO iyi yakhala gawo lalikulu pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa data pamakina amakono opanda zingwe, popeza chidziwitso chodziyimira pawokha chimaperekedwa nthawi imodzi kuchokera ku tinyanga zingapo pa bandwidth yomweyo.Ma algorithms ozindikira ngati zero forcing (ZF) amalekanitsa zizindikiro zosinthira ndi kusokoneza kwa tinyanga zina.
Monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi, mu WiFi MU-MIMO, mitsinje yambiri ya data imatumizidwa nthawi imodzi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito angapo kuchokera ku ma antenna angapo.
**Kulemba Kwanthawi Yamalo**
Munjira iyi, njira zapadera zolembera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yonse ndi tinyanga poyerekeza ndi makina amtundu umodzi, kuti apititse patsogolo kusiyanasiyana kwamasinthidwe popanda kutayika kwa data pa wolandila.Ma code a nthawi ya mlengalenga amathandizira kusiyanasiyana kwa malo popanda kufunikira kwa kuyerekeza kwa tchanelo pa chowulutsira chokhala ndi tinyanga zingapo.
Concept Microwave ndi katswiri wopanga zida za 5G RF zamakina a Antenna ku China, kuphatikiza fyuluta ya RF lowpass, fyuluta ya highpass, fyuluta ya bandpass, fyuluta ya notch/band stop fyuluta, duplexer, Power divider ndi directional coupler.Zonsezi zitha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna.
Takulandilani pa intaneti yathu:www.concept-mw.comkapena titumizireni imelo ku:sales@concept-mw.com
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-29-2024