Ukadaulo wa zosefera wa Millimeter-wave (mmWave) ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakulola kulumikizana kwa mafoni kwa 5G, komabe umakumana ndi mavuto ambiri pankhani ya kukula kwa thupi, kulekerera kwa kupanga, komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha.
Mu gawo la kulumikizana kwa intaneti kwa 5G, cholinga chamtsogolo chidzasintha kukhala kugwiritsa ntchito ma frequency opitilira 20 GHz mkati mwa mmWave spectrum kuti kuwonjezere mphamvu ya bandwidth, pomaliza pake kukweza kuchuluka kwa ma transmission.
Ndikodziwika bwino kuti chifukwa cha ma frequency awo okwera komanso kutayika kwakukulu kwa njira, ma signal a mmWave amafunikira ma antenna ang'onoang'ono. Ma antenna awa amasonkhana pamodzi kuti apange ma antenna opapatiza komanso okwera mtengo.
Chimodzi mwa zovuta zazikulu pakupanga zosefera ndikusintha kukula kwa antenna, makamaka zosefera zama frequency apamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, kulekerera kwa kupanga ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwa zosefera zimakhudza kwambiri mbali iliyonse ya kapangidwe ndi kupanga kwa zinthu.
Zopinga za Kukula mu Ukadaulo wa mmWave
Mu machitidwe akale a antenna array, mtunda pakati pa zinthu uyenera kukhala wochepera theka la kutalika kwa nthawi (λ/2) kuti tipewe kusokonezedwa. Mfundo imeneyi imagwiranso ntchito pa ma antenna a 5G beamforming. Mwachitsanzo, antenna yomwe imagwira ntchito mu 28 GHz band ili ndi mtunda wa zinthu wa pafupifupi 5 mm. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwa array ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono kwambiri.
Magawo ogwiritsidwa ntchito mu ntchito za mmWave nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kake kolinganizidwa, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pansipa, pomwe ma antenna (malo achikasu) amayikidwa pa ma circuit board osindikizidwa (ma PCB) (malo obiriwira), ndipo ma circuit board (malo abuluu) amatha kulumikizidwa molunjika ku antenna board.
Malo omwe ali pa ma circuit board awa ndi ochepa kale, koma matekinoloje atsopano akufufuza nyumba zazing'ono kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zosefera ndi ma circuit block ena ayenera kukhala ochepa kwambiri kuti ayikidwe kumbuyo kwa antenna PCB.
Zotsatira za Kulekerera kwa Kupanga pa Zosefera
Popeza ma fyuluta a mmWave ndi ofunika kwambiri, kulekerera kwa kupanga zinthu kumakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza momwe fyuluta imagwirira ntchito komanso mtengo wake.
Kuti tifufuze bwino zinthu izi, tinayerekeza njira zitatu zosiyana zopangira zosefera za 26 GHz:
Gome lotsatirali likuwonetsa kulekerera kwakukulu komwe kumachitika popanga:
Kulekerera Kumakhudza Zosefera za PCB Microstrip
Monga momwe zasonyezedwera pansipa, kapangidwe ka fyuluta ya microstrip kakuwonetsedwa.
Kapangidwe ka chitsanzo cha kapangidwe kake ndi motere:
Kuti aphunzire momwe kulekerera kumakhudzira fyuluta ya microstrip iyi ya PCB, anasankha mitundu isanu ndi itatu ya kulekerera kwakukulu, zomwe zinavumbula kusiyana kwakukulu.
Kulekerera Kumakhudza Zosefera za PCB Stripline
Kapangidwe ka fyuluta ya stripline, komwe kakuwonetsedwa pansipa, ndi kapangidwe ka magawo asanu ndi awiri ndi ma board a dielectric a 30 mil RO3003 pamwamba ndi pansi.
Kuzungulira sikotsika kwambiri, ndipo coefficient ya rectangular ndi yotsika poyerekeza ndi ya microstrip chifukwa cha kusakhalapo kwa zero pafupi ndi passband, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pama frequency akutali.
Mofananamo, kusanthula kwa kulolerana kumasonyeza kukhudzidwa bwino poyerekeza ndi mizere ya microstrip.
Mapeto
Kuti kulumikizana kwa opanda zingwe kwa 5G kukhale kofulumira, ukadaulo wa fyuluta wa mmWave womwe umagwira ntchito pa 20 GHz kapena kupitirira apo ndi wofunikira. Komabe, pali zovuta zomwe zikupitirirabe pankhani ya kukula kwa thupi, kukhazikika kwa kulekerera, komanso zovuta zopanga.
Motero, zotsatira za kulolerana pa mapangidwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa mosamala. N'zoonekeratu kuti zosefera za SMT zimakhala zokhazikika kwambiri kuposa zosefera za microstrip ndi stripline, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti zosefera za SMT zomwe zimayikidwa pamwamba pa makina zitha kukhala chisankho chachikulu cha kulumikizana kwa mmWave mtsogolo.
Concept, renowned for its expertise in RF filter manufacturing, offers a comprehensive selection of filters tailored to meet the unique requirements of 5G solutions. As a professional Original Design Manufacturer (ODM) and Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), Concept provides an extensive RF filter list for reference, ensuring compatibility and optimal performance for diverse 5G applications. To explore the available options, please visit their website at www.concept-mw.com . For further inquiries or to discuss specific project needs, feel free to contact the sales team at sales@concept-mw.com.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-17-2024