Zovuta za Chitetezo cha Dongosolo la 5G ndi Njira Zothanirana Nazo

**Makina ndi Maukonde a 5G (NR)**

Ukadaulo wa 5G umagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kosinthasintha komanso kofanana ndi mibadwo yam'mbuyomu ya ma netiweki am'manja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ndi ntchito za netiweki zisinthe kwambiri. Makina a 5G ali ndi zigawo zitatu zofunika: **RAN** (Radio Access Network), **CN** (Core Network) ndi Edge Networks.

- **RAN** imalumikiza mafoni (ma UE) ku netiweki yayikulu kudzera muukadaulo wosiyanasiyana wopanda zingwe monga mmWave, Massive MIMO, ndi beamforming.

- **Core Network (CN)** imapereka ntchito zofunika kwambiri zowongolera ndi kuyang'anira monga kutsimikizira, kuyenda, ndi kutumiza mauthenga.

- **Maukonde a Edge** amalola kuti zinthu zokhudzana ndi maukonde zikhale pafupi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ndi zipangizo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito zogwiritsa ntchito maukonde zikhale zocheperako komanso zogwiritsa ntchito ma bandwidth ambiri monga cloud computing, AI, ndi IoT zikhale zotetezeka.

Makina a 5G (NR) ali ndi mapangidwe awiri: **NSA** (Yosakhazikika) ndi **SA** (Yokhazikika):

- **NSA** imagwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga za 4G LTE zomwe zilipo (eNB ndi EPC) komanso ma node atsopano a 5G (gNB), pogwiritsa ntchito netiweki ya 4G core kuti igwire ntchito zowongolera. Izi zimathandiza kuti 5G igwiritsidwe ntchito mwachangu pa netiweki zomwe zilipo.

- **SA** ili ndi kapangidwe ka 5G koyera ndi ma network atsopano a 5G core ndi malo oyambira (gNB) omwe amapereka mphamvu zonse za 5G monga kuchepa kwa latency ndi kudula ma network. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa NSA ndi SA kuli mu kudalira ma network a core ndi njira yosinthira - NSA ndiye maziko a zomangamanga zapamwamba kwambiri za SA.

**Ziopsezo ndi Mavuto a Chitetezo**

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zovuta, kusiyanasiyana, komanso kulumikizana, ukadaulo wa 5G umabweretsa ziwopsezo zatsopano zachitetezo komanso zovuta pa ma netiweki opanda zingwe. Mwachitsanzo, zinthu zambiri za netiweki, ma interfaces, ndi ma protocol zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu oipa monga ma hackers kapena zigawenga za pa intaneti. Magulu otere nthawi zambiri amayesa kusonkhanitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zambiri zachinsinsi kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ndi zida pazifukwa zovomerezeka kapena zosaloledwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ma netiweki a 5G amagwira ntchito m'malo osinthika kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto azamalamulo ndi kutsatira malamulo kwa ogwira ntchito zam'manja, opereka chithandizo, ndi ogwiritsa ntchito chifukwa ayenera kutsatira malamulo osiyanasiyana oteteza deta m'maiko osiyanasiyana komanso miyezo yachitetezo cha netiweki yamakampani.

**Mayankho ndi Njira Zothetsera**

5G imapereka chitetezo chowonjezereka komanso zachinsinsi kudzera mu njira zatsopano monga kubisa ndi kutsimikizira kolimba, edge computing ndi blockchain, AI ndi makina ophunzirira. 5G imagwiritsa ntchito njira yatsopano yobisa yotchedwa **5G AKA** yozikidwa pa elliptic curve cryptography, kupereka chitsimikizo chapamwamba chachitetezo. Kuphatikiza apo, 5G imagwiritsa ntchito njira yatsopano yotsimikizira yotchedwa **5G SEAF** yozikidwa pa kudula kwa netiweki. Edge computing imalola deta kukonzedwa ndikusungidwa pa netiweki, kuchepetsa kuchedwa, bandwidth ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Blockchains amapanga ndikuwongolera ma ledger ogawidwa, ogawidwa, olembedwa ndikutsimikizira zochitika za netiweki. AI ndi makina ophunzirira amasanthula ndikuneneratu machitidwe a netiweki ndi zolakwika kuti azindikire ziwopsezo/zochitika ndikupanga/kuteteza deta ya netiweki ndi zizindikiritso.

Chengdu Concept Microwave Technology CO.,Ltd ndi kampani yopanga zinthu za 5G/6G RF ku China, kuphatikizapo fyuluta ya RF lowpass, fyuluta ya highpass, fyuluta ya bandpass, fyuluta ya notch/band stop, duplexer, Power divider ndi directional coupler. Zonsezi zitha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna.

Takulandirani patsamba lathu:www.concept-mw.comkapena titumizireni uthenga pa:sales@concept-mw.com